Echo Audio Mona Manuel du propriétaire télécharger pdf (Page 58)

wired to them. Some ISA cards (also called “legacy” cards) have you select

which interrupt is used by configuring jumpers on the card. Newer Plug-

and-Play ISA cards have their interrupts selected by either the computer’s

BIOS (the built-in program that starts the computer) or by Windows 95/98.

The newer PCI (Peripheral Connect Interface) bus transfers data faster than

ISA and was designed to support Plug-and-Play from the start. PCI

connectors have only four interrupts wired to them (A, B, C, and D).

However, these interrupts can be shared by more than one PCI connector

slot and each connector’s interrupt can be assigned or “steered” to one of

the 11 available PC interrupts by either the BIOS or Windows 95/98. As far

as the user is concerned, PCI interrupts use the same numbers and are

assigned the same way as Plug-and-Play ISA interrupts. Note, however, that

a PCI card can share an interrupt with another PCI card but not with an ISA

card.

Plug-and-Play and Interrupts

When your computer first starts up, the BIOS will check each connector slot

to see if a Plug-and-Play card is installed. Each Plug-and-Play card has built

into it a list of what resources it requires including how many interrupts it

needs and which ones it can use. The BIOS will then configure each card

and, if needed, assign an appropriate interrupt. It does this for both ISA and

PCI Plug-and-Play cards. Windows 95/98 will also check for and configure

Plug-and-Play cards, possibly changing some of the settings to suit its

needs.

Legacy Cards and Interrupt Conflicts

Problems can arise when the system contains older “legacy” ISA cards with

their jumper-configured (or possibly hard-wired) interrupts. The computer’s

BIOS and Windows 95/98 have no automatic way to detect these cards and

determine which interrupts, if any, are being used. For example, you may

have a MIDI card installed with its jumpers configured to use IRQ 9. Since

the BIOS cannot detect the legacy card it will consider IRQ 9 to be a free

interrupt. Consequently, it may assign IRQ 9 to Mona. The next time you try

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Echo Audio Mona Manuel du propriétaire Page 58